Sphygmomanometer While
Describe the role of the valves in leg veins. 10 points!!?
1. Describe the role of the valves in leg veins. 10 points!!
2.While the heart’s chambers are relaxing, there is still residual pressure in the arteries. Give a reason for this pressure.
3.A doctor uses a sphygmomanometer to measure a patient’s Blood Pressure. The doctor pumped up the cuff somewhat above the expected blood pressure. Then the doctor released the air slowly while listening for a pulse through a stethoscope. Describe how the change in the sound coming through the stethoscope is used to obtain blood pressure measurements.
1. They prevent back flow (e.g. due to gravity) in the veins returning blood to the heart.
2. The arteries have extensive bands of smooth muscle (some running longitudinally, some circularly), and when extended by the force of blood pumped into them by the heart, there is elastic recoil. This increase of pressure (with the decrease in volume of the arteries) causes the blood to be pumped further along.
3. The blood pressure cuff cuts off the circulation in the brachial artery. Sounds (called Korotkoff’s sounds) are caused by the turbulent flow of blood. They first start when the pressure in the cuff is reduced to just under that of the systolic pressure, so some blood is forced through the opening. The sounds get louder as the cuff pressure is further reduced, and then get “muffled.” Eventually, the cuff is no longer deforming the artery (at the systolic pressure) and the sounds stop when normal, laminar flow resumes.
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